Night Blindness (Nyctalopia)

Night blindness is also known as Nyctalopia is the inability to see well at night or in poorly lit areas. It is usually a symptom of an existing underlying problem, associated with the retina, or the eye's lens. It presents itself when the cells of your retina, which allows a person to see in dim light, are affected, due to an underlying cause.

Causes of night blindness

Nearsightedness

Glaucoma

Cataracts

Diabetes

Retinitis pigmentosa,

Vitamin A deficiency,

and Keratoconus, to name a few.

Types of night blindness

Stationary night blindness

Congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB)

with normal-appearing fundus

CSNB with abnormal-looking fundus

Fundus albipunctatus

Oguchi's disease

Mizzou's phenomenon

The retina exhibits yellow sheen with light exposure, which becomes normal with prolonged dark adaptation.

Progressive night blindness

Retinal dystrophies
Gyrate atrophy
Choroideremia
Goldmann-Favre disease

Treatment of night blindness

Treat the underlying cause:

This treatment depends on the cause of the night blindness:
Treat deficiency of Vitamin A by giving Vitamin A supplements.
Retinitis Pigmentosa- It is not completely curable but the rate of progression of this disease can be reduced by intake of Vitamin A supplements and surgeries like retinal transplant.

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